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Azure Container Apps is a fully managed serverless container service that enables you to build and deploy modern, cloud-native Java applications and microservices at scale. It offers a simplified developer experience while providing the flexibility and portability of containers.

Of course, Azure Container Apps has really solid support for our ecosystem, from a number of build options, managed Java components, native metrics, dynamic logger, and quite a bit more.

To learn more about Java features on Azure Container Apps, visit the documentation page.

You can also ask questions and leave feedback on the Azure Container Apps GitHub page.

Of course, Azure Container Apps has really solid support for our ecosystem, from a number of build options, managed Java components, native metrics, dynamic logger, and quite a bit more.

To learn more about Java features on Azure Container Apps, you can get started over on the documentation page.

And, you can also ask questions and leave feedback on the Azure Container Apps GitHub page.

Modern software architecture is often broken. Slow delivery leads to missed opportunities, innovation is stalled due to architectural complexities, and engineering resources are exceedingly expensive.

Orkes is the leading workflow orchestration platform built to enable teams to transform the way they develop, connect, and deploy applications, microservices, AI agents, and more.

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Orkes is the leading workflow orchestration platform built to enable teams to transform the way they develop, connect, and deploy applications, microservices, AI agents, and more.

Try a 14-Day Free Trial of Orkes Conductor today.

End-to-end testing is a very useful method to make sure that your application works as intended. This highlights issues in the overall functionality of the software, that the unit and integration test stages may miss.

Playwright is an easy-to-use, but powerful tool that automates end-to-end testing, and supports all modern browsers and platforms.

When coupled with LambdaTest (an AI-powered cloud-based test execution platform) it can be further scaled to run the Playwright scripts in parallel across 3000+ browser and device combinations:

>> Automated End-to-End Testing With Playwright

This quick tutorial is going to show how to remove all null elements from a List, using plain Java, Guava, the Apache Commons Collections and the newer Java 8 lambda support.

This article is part of the “Java – Back to Basic” series here on Baeldung.

**1. Remove Nulls From a List Using Plain Java**

The Java Collections Framework offers a simple solution for removing all null elements in the List – a basic while loop:

@Test
public void givenListContainsNulls_whenRemovingNullsWithPlainJava_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> list = Lists.newArrayList(null, 1, null);
    while (list.remove(null));

    assertThat(list, hasSize(1));
}

Alternatively, we can also use the following simple approach:

@Test
public void givenListContainsNulls_whenRemovingNullsWithPlainJavaAlternative_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> list = Lists.newArrayList(null, 1, null);
    list.removeAll(Collections.singleton(null));

    assertThat(list, hasSize(1));
}

Note that both these solutions will modify the source list.

**2. Remove Nulls From a List Using Google Guava**

We can also remove nulls using Guava and a more functional approach, via predicates:

@Test
public void givenListContainsNulls_whenRemovingNullsWithGuavaV1_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> list = Lists.newArrayList(null, 1, null);
    Iterables.removeIf(list, Predicates.isNull());

    assertThat(list, hasSize(1));
}

Alternatively, if we don’t want to modify the source list, Guava will allow us to create a new, filter list:

@Test
public void givenListContainsNulls_whenRemovingNullsWithGuavaV2_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> list = Lists.newArrayList(null, 1, null, 2, 3);
    List<Integer> listWithoutNulls = Lists.newArrayList(
      Iterables.filter(list, Predicates.notNull()));

    assertThat(listWithoutNulls, hasSize(3));
}

**3. Remove Nulls From a List Using Apache Commons Collections**

Let’s now look at a simple solution using the Apache Commons Collections library using a similar functional style:

@Test
public void givenListContainsNulls_whenRemovingNullsWithCommonsCollections_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> list = Lists.newArrayList(null, 1, 2, null, 3, null);
    CollectionUtils.filter(list, PredicateUtils.notNullPredicate());

    assertThat(list, hasSize(3));
}

Note that this solution will also modify the original list.

**4. Remove Nulls From a List Using Lambdas (Java 8)**

Finally – let’s look at a Java 8 solution using Lambdas to filter the List; the filtering process can be done in parallel or serial:

@Test
public void givenListContainsNulls_whenFilteringParallel_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> list = Lists.newArrayList(null, 1, 2, null, 3, null);
    List<Integer> listWithoutNulls = list.parallelStream()
      .filter(Objects::nonNull)
      .collect(Collectors.toList());
}

@Test
public void givenListContainsNulls_whenFilteringSerial_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> list = Lists.newArrayList(null, 1, 2, null, 3, null);
    List<Integer> listWithoutNulls = list.stream()
      .filter(Objects::nonNull)
      .collect(Collectors.toList());
}

public void givenListContainsNulls_whenRemovingNullsWithRemoveIf_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> listWithoutNulls = Lists.newArrayList(null, 1, 2, null, 3, null);
    listWithoutNulls.removeIf(Objects::isNull);

    assertThat(listWithoutNulls, hasSize(3));
}

And that’s it – some quick and very useful solutions for getting rid of all null elements from a List.

5. Conclusion

In this article, we were able to explore the different approaches we can have to remove nulls from a List using Java, Guava or Lambdas.

The code backing this article is available on GitHub. Once you're logged in as a Baeldung Pro Member, start learning and coding on the project.

Of course, Azure Container Apps has really solid support for our ecosystem, from a number of build options, managed Java components, native metrics, dynamic logger, and quite a bit more.

To learn more about Java features on Azure Container Apps, visit the documentation page.

You can also ask questions and leave feedback on the Azure Container Apps GitHub page.

Orkes is the leading workflow orchestration platform built to enable teams to transform the way they develop, connect, and deploy applications, microservices, AI agents, and more.

Try a 14-Day Free Trial of Orkes Conductor today.

Orkes is the leading workflow orchestration platform built to enable teams to transform the way they develop, connect, and deploy applications, microservices, AI agents, and more.

Try a 14-Day Free Trial of Orkes Conductor today.