Baeldung Pro – NPI EA (cat = Baeldung)
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Baeldung Pro comes with both absolutely No-Ads as well as finally with Dark Mode, for a clean learning experience:

>> Explore a clean Baeldung

Once the early-adopter seats are all used, the price will go up and stay at $33/year.

Partner – Microsoft – NPI EA (cat = Baeldung)
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Azure Container Apps is a fully managed serverless container service that enables you to build and deploy modern, cloud-native Java applications and microservices at scale. It offers a simplified developer experience while providing the flexibility and portability of containers.

Of course, Azure Container Apps has really solid support for our ecosystem, from a number of build options, managed Java components, native metrics, dynamic logger, and quite a bit more.

To learn more about Java features on Azure Container Apps, visit the documentation page.

You can also ask questions and leave feedback on the Azure Container Apps GitHub page.

Partner – Microsoft – NPI EA (cat= Spring Boot)
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Azure Container Apps is a fully managed serverless container service that enables you to build and deploy modern, cloud-native Java applications and microservices at scale. It offers a simplified developer experience while providing the flexibility and portability of containers.

Of course, Azure Container Apps has really solid support for our ecosystem, from a number of build options, managed Java components, native metrics, dynamic logger, and quite a bit more.

To learn more about Java features on Azure Container Apps, you can get started over on the documentation page.

And, you can also ask questions and leave feedback on the Azure Container Apps GitHub page.

Partner – Orkes – NPI EA (cat=Spring)
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Modern software architecture is often broken. Slow delivery leads to missed opportunities, innovation is stalled due to architectural complexities, and engineering resources are exceedingly expensive.

Orkes is the leading workflow orchestration platform built to enable teams to transform the way they develop, connect, and deploy applications, microservices, AI agents, and more.

With Orkes Conductor managed through Orkes Cloud, developers can focus on building mission critical applications without worrying about infrastructure maintenance to meet goals and, simply put, taking new products live faster and reducing total cost of ownership.

Try a 14-Day Free Trial of Orkes Conductor today.

Partner – Orkes – NPI EA (tag=Microservices)
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Modern software architecture is often broken. Slow delivery leads to missed opportunities, innovation is stalled due to architectural complexities, and engineering resources are exceedingly expensive.

Orkes is the leading workflow orchestration platform built to enable teams to transform the way they develop, connect, and deploy applications, microservices, AI agents, and more.

With Orkes Conductor managed through Orkes Cloud, developers can focus on building mission critical applications without worrying about infrastructure maintenance to meet goals and, simply put, taking new products live faster and reducing total cost of ownership.

Try a 14-Day Free Trial of Orkes Conductor today.

eBook – Guide Spring Cloud – NPI EA (cat=Spring Cloud)
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Let's get started with a Microservice Architecture with Spring Cloud:

>> Join Pro and download the eBook

eBook – Mockito – NPI EA (tag = Mockito)
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Mocking is an essential part of unit testing, and the Mockito library makes it easy to write clean and intuitive unit tests for your Java code.

Get started with mocking and improve your application tests using our Mockito guide:

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eBook – Java Concurrency – NPI EA (cat=Java Concurrency)
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Handling concurrency in an application can be a tricky process with many potential pitfalls. A solid grasp of the fundamentals will go a long way to help minimize these issues.

Get started with understanding multi-threaded applications with our Java Concurrency guide:

>> Download the eBook

eBook – Reactive – NPI EA (cat=Reactive)
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Spring 5 added support for reactive programming with the Spring WebFlux module, which has been improved upon ever since. Get started with the Reactor project basics and reactive programming in Spring Boot:

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eBook – Java Streams – NPI EA (cat=Java Streams)
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Since its introduction in Java 8, the Stream API has become a staple of Java development. The basic operations like iterating, filtering, mapping sequences of elements are deceptively simple to use.

But these can also be overused and fall into some common pitfalls.

To get a better understanding on how Streams work and how to combine them with other language features, check out our guide to Java Streams:

>> Join Pro and download the eBook

eBook – Jackson – NPI EA (cat=Jackson)
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Do JSON right with Jackson

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eBook – HTTP Client – NPI EA (cat=Http Client-Side)
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Get the most out of the Apache HTTP Client

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eBook – Maven – NPI EA (cat = Maven)
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Get Started with Apache Maven:

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eBook – Persistence – NPI EA (cat=Persistence)
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Working on getting your persistence layer right with Spring?

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eBook – RwS – NPI EA (cat=Spring MVC)
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Building a REST API with Spring?

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Course – LS – NPI EA (cat=Jackson)
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Get started with Spring and Spring Boot, through the Learn Spring course:

>> LEARN SPRING
Course – RWSB – NPI EA (cat=REST)
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Explore Spring Boot 3 and Spring 6 in-depth through building a full REST API with the framework:

>> The New “REST With Spring Boot”

Course – LSS – NPI EA (cat=Spring Security)
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Yes, Spring Security can be complex, from the more advanced functionality within the Core to the deep OAuth support in the framework.

I built the security material as two full courses - Core and OAuth, to get practical with these more complex scenarios. We explore when and how to use each feature and code through it on the backing project.

You can explore the course here:

>> Learn Spring Security

Course – All Access – NPI EA (cat= Spring)
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All Access is finally out, with all of my Spring courses. Learn JUnit is out as well, and Learn Maven is coming fast. And, of course, quite a bit more affordable. Finally.

>> GET THE COURSE
Course – LSD – NPI EA (tag=Spring Data JPA)
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Spring Data JPA is a great way to handle the complexity of JPA with the powerful simplicity of Spring Boot.

Get started with Spring Data JPA through the guided reference course:

>> CHECK OUT THE COURSE

Partner – LambdaTest – NPI EA (cat=Testing)
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End-to-end testing is a very useful method to make sure that your application works as intended. This highlights issues in the overall functionality of the software, that the unit and integration test stages may miss.

Playwright is an easy-to-use, but powerful tool that automates end-to-end testing, and supports all modern browsers and platforms.

When coupled with LambdaTest (an AI-powered cloud-based test execution platform) it can be further scaled to run the Playwright scripts in parallel across 3000+ browser and device combinations:

>> Automated End-to-End Testing With Playwright

Course – Spring Sale 2025 – NPI EA (cat= Baeldung)
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Yes, we're now running our Spring Sale. All Courses are 25% off until 26th May, 2025:

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Course – Spring Sale 2025 – NPI (cat=Baeldung)
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Yes, we're now running our Spring Sale. All Courses are 25% off until 26th May, 2025:

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eBook – Guide Spring Cloud – NPI (cat=Cloud/Spring Cloud)
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Let's get started with a Microservice Architecture with Spring Cloud:

>> Join Pro and download the eBook

1. Introduction

In this article, we take a look at Spring Boot Cloud CLI (or Cloud CLI for short). The tool provides a set of command line enhancements to the Spring Boot CLI that helps in further abstracting and simplifying Spring Cloud deployments.

The CLI was introduced in late 2016 and allows quick auto-configuration and deployment of standard Spring Cloud services using a command line, .yml configuration files, and Groovy scripts.

2. Set Up

Spring Boot Cloud CLI 1.3.x requires Spring Boot CLI 1.5.x, so make sure to grab the latest version of Spring Boot CLI from Maven Central (installation instructions) and the most recent version of the Cloud CLI from Maven Repository (the official Spring repository)!

To make sure the CLI is installed and ready to use, simply run:

$ spring --version

After verifying your Spring Boot CLI installation, install the latest stable version of Cloud CLI:

$ spring install org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-cli:1.3.2.RELEASE

Then verify the Cloud CLI:

$ spring cloud --version

Advanced installation features can be found on the official Cloud CLI page!

3. Default Services and Configuration

The CLI provides seven core services that can be run and deployed with single line commands.

To launch a Cloud Config server on http://localhost:8888:

$ spring cloud configserver

To start a Eureka server on http://localhost:8761:

$ spring cloud eureka

To initiate an H2 server on http://localhost:9095:

$ spring cloud h2

To launch a Kafka server on http://localhost:9091:

$ spring cloud kafka

To start a Zipkin server on http://localhost:9411:

$ spring cloud zipkin

To launch a Dataflow server on http://localhost:9393:

$ spring cloud dataflow

To start a Hystrix dashboard on http://localhost:7979:

$ spring cloud hystrixdashboard

List currently running cloud services:

$ spring cloud --list

The handy help command:

$ spring help cloud

For more details about these commands, please check out the official blog.

4. Customizing Cloud Services With YML

Each of the services that are deployable through the Cloud CLI can also be configured using correspondingly-named .yml files:

spring:
  profiles:
    active: git
  cloud:
    config:
      server:
        git:
          uri: https://github.com/spring-cloud-samples/config-repo

This constitutes a simple configuration file that we can use for launching the Cloud Config Server.

We can, for example, specify a Git repository as the URI source that will be automatically cloned and deployed when we issue the ‘spring cloud configserver’ command.

Cloud CLI uses the Spring Cloud Launcher under the hood. That means that Cloud CLI supports most of the Spring Boot configuration mechanisms. Here’s the official list of Spring Boot properties.

Spring Cloud configuration conforms to the ‘spring.cloud…‘ convention. Settings for Spring Cloud and Spring Config Server can be found at this link.

We can also specify several different modules and services directly into the cloud.yml:

spring:
  cloud:
    launcher:
      deployables:
        - name: configserver
          coordinates: maven://...:spring-cloud-launcher-configserver:1.3.2.RELEASE
          port: 8888
          waitUntilStarted: true
          order: -10
        - name: eureka
          coordinates: maven:/...:spring-cloud-launcher-eureka:1.3.2.RELEASE
          port: 8761

The cloud.yml allows custom services or modules to be added and the use of Maven and Git repositories to be used.

5. Running Custom Groovy Scripts

Custom components can be written in Groovy and deployed efficiently since Cloud CLI can compile and deploy Groovy code.

Here’s an example minimal REST API implementation:

@RestController
@RequestMapping('/api')
class api {
 
    @GetMapping('/get')
    def get() { [message: 'Hello'] }
}

Assuming that the script is saved as rest.groovy, we can launch our minimal server like this:

$ spring run rest.groovy

Pinging http://localhost:8080/api/get should reveal:

{"message":"Hello"}

6. Encrypt/Decrypt

Cloud CLI also provides a tool for encryption and decryption (found in the package org.springframework.cloud.cli.command.*) that can be used directly through the command line or indirectly by passing a value to a Cloud Config Server endpoint.

Let’s set it up and see how to use it.

6.1. Setup

Both Cloud CLI as well as Spring Cloud Config Server use org.springframework.security.crypto.encrypt.* for handling encrypt and decrypt commands.

As such, both require the JCE Unlimited Strength Extension provided by Oracle here.

6.2. Encrypt and Decrypt by Command

To encrypt ‘my_value‘ via the terminal, invoke:

$ spring encrypt my_value --key my_key

File paths can be substituted for the key name (e.g. ‘my_key‘ above) by using ‘@’ followed by the path (commonly used for RSA public keys):

$ spring encrypt my_value --key @${WORKSPACE}/foos/foo.pub

my_value‘ will now be encrypted to something like:

c93cb36ce1d09d7d62dffd156ef742faaa56f97f135ebd05e90355f80290ce6b

Furthermore, it will be stored in memory under key ‘my_key‘. This allows us to decrypt ‘my_key‘ back into’my_value‘ via command line:

$ spring decrypt --key my_key

We can also now use the encrypted value in a configuration YAML or properties file, where it will be automatically decrypted by the Cloud Config Server when loaded:

encrypted_credential: "{cipher}c93cb36ce1d09d7d62dffd156ef742faaa56f97f135ebd05e90355f80290ce6b"

6.3. Encrypt and Decrypt With Config Server

Spring Cloud Config Server exposes RESTful endpoints where keys and encrypted value pairs can be stored in the Java Security Store or memory.

For more information on how to correctly set up and configure your Cloud Config Server to accept symmetric or asymmetric encryption, please check out our article or the official docs.

Once Spring Cloud Config Server is configured and up running using the ‘spring cloud configserver‘ command, you’ll be able to call its API:

$ curl localhost:8888/encrypt -d mysecret
//682bc583f4641835fa2db009355293665d2647dade3375c0ee201de2a49f7bda
$ curl localhost:8888/decrypt -d 682bc583f4641835fa2db009355293665d2647dade3375c0ee201de2a49f7bda
//mysecret

7. Conclusion

We’ve focused here on an introduction to Spring Boot Cloud CLI. For more information, please check out the official docs.

The code backing this article is available on GitHub. Once you're logged in as a Baeldung Pro Member, start learning and coding on the project.
Baeldung Pro – NPI EA (cat = Baeldung)
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Baeldung Pro comes with both absolutely No-Ads as well as finally with Dark Mode, for a clean learning experience:

>> Explore a clean Baeldung

Once the early-adopter seats are all used, the price will go up and stay at $33/year.

Partner – Microsoft – NPI EA (cat = Spring Boot)
announcement - icon

Azure Container Apps is a fully managed serverless container service that enables you to build and deploy modern, cloud-native Java applications and microservices at scale. It offers a simplified developer experience while providing the flexibility and portability of containers.

Of course, Azure Container Apps has really solid support for our ecosystem, from a number of build options, managed Java components, native metrics, dynamic logger, and quite a bit more.

To learn more about Java features on Azure Container Apps, visit the documentation page.

You can also ask questions and leave feedback on the Azure Container Apps GitHub page.

Partner – Orkes – NPI EA (cat = Spring)
announcement - icon

Modern software architecture is often broken. Slow delivery leads to missed opportunities, innovation is stalled due to architectural complexities, and engineering resources are exceedingly expensive.

Orkes is the leading workflow orchestration platform built to enable teams to transform the way they develop, connect, and deploy applications, microservices, AI agents, and more.

With Orkes Conductor managed through Orkes Cloud, developers can focus on building mission critical applications without worrying about infrastructure maintenance to meet goals and, simply put, taking new products live faster and reducing total cost of ownership.

Try a 14-Day Free Trial of Orkes Conductor today.

Partner – Orkes – NPI EA (tag = Microservices)
announcement - icon

Modern software architecture is often broken. Slow delivery leads to missed opportunities, innovation is stalled due to architectural complexities, and engineering resources are exceedingly expensive.

Orkes is the leading workflow orchestration platform built to enable teams to transform the way they develop, connect, and deploy applications, microservices, AI agents, and more.

With Orkes Conductor managed through Orkes Cloud, developers can focus on building mission critical applications without worrying about infrastructure maintenance to meet goals and, simply put, taking new products live faster and reducing total cost of ownership.

Try a 14-Day Free Trial of Orkes Conductor today.

eBook – HTTP Client – NPI EA (cat=HTTP Client-Side)
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The Apache HTTP Client is a very robust library, suitable for both simple and advanced use cases when testing HTTP endpoints. Check out our guide covering basic request and response handling, as well as security, cookies, timeouts, and more:

>> Download the eBook

eBook – Java Concurrency – NPI EA (cat=Java Concurrency)
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Handling concurrency in an application can be a tricky process with many potential pitfalls. A solid grasp of the fundamentals will go a long way to help minimize these issues.

Get started with understanding multi-threaded applications with our Java Concurrency guide:

>> Download the eBook

eBook – Java Streams – NPI EA (cat=Java Streams)
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Since its introduction in Java 8, the Stream API has become a staple of Java development. The basic operations like iterating, filtering, mapping sequences of elements are deceptively simple to use.

But these can also be overused and fall into some common pitfalls.

To get a better understanding on how Streams work and how to combine them with other language features, check out our guide to Java Streams:

>> Join Pro and download the eBook

eBook – Persistence – NPI EA (cat=Persistence)
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Working on getting your persistence layer right with Spring?

Explore the eBook

Course – LS – NPI EA (cat=REST)

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Get started with Spring Boot and with core Spring, through the Learn Spring course:

>> CHECK OUT THE COURSE

Course – Spring Sale 2025 – NPI EA (cat= Baeldung)
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Yes, we're now running our Spring Sale. All Courses are 25% off until 26th May, 2025:

>> EXPLORE ACCESS NOW

Course – Spring Sale 2025 – NPI (All)
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Yes, we're now running our Spring Sale. All Courses are 25% off until 26th May, 2025:

>> EXPLORE ACCESS NOW

Partner – Microsoft – NPI (cat=Spring)
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Azure Container Apps is a fully managed serverless container service that enables you to build and deploy modern, cloud-native Java applications and microservices at scale. It offers a simplified developer experience while providing the flexibility and portability of containers.

Of course, Azure Container Apps has really solid support for our ecosystem, from a number of build options, managed Java components, native metrics, dynamic logger, and quite a bit more.

To learn more about Java features on Azure Container Apps, visit the documentation page.

You can also ask questions and leave feedback on the Azure Container Apps GitHub page.

eBook Jackson – NPI EA – 3 (cat = Jackson)
eBook – eBook Guide Spring Cloud – NPI (cat=Cloud/Spring Cloud)